] add BinningAnalysis

B = LogBinner()
# As per default, 2^32-1 ≈ 4 billion values can be added to the binner. This value can be
# tuned with the `capacity` keyword argument.

push!(B, 4.2)
append!(B, [1,2,3]) # multiple values at once

x  = mean(B)
Δx = std_error(B) # standard error of the mean
tau_x = tau(B) # autocorrelation time

# Alternatively you can provide a time series already in the constructor
x = rand(100)
B = LogBinner(x)

Δx = std_error(B)

B = FullBinner() # <: AbstractVector (lightweight wrapper)

push!(B, 2.0)
append!(B, [1,2,3])

x  = mean(B)
Δx = std_error(B) # standard error of the mean

# Alternatively you can provide a time series already in the constructor
x = rand(100)
F = FullBinner(x)

push!(F, 2.0) # will modify x as F is just a thin wrapper

Δx = std_error(F)

# Averages pushed values more and more, starting with no averaging
# Averaging includes 2x more values for every blocksize averages saved
B = IncrementBinner(0.0, blocksize=50)

for x in rand(10_000)
    push!(B, x)
end

# Returns the effective indices for the values saved
# I.e. [1, 2, ...49, 50, 51.5, 53.5, ..., 146.5, 148.5, 151.5, ...]
xs = indices(B)
# Returns the averaged values saved
ys = values(B)

x = rand(100)

xmean, Δx = jackknife(identity, x) # jackknife estimates for mean and standard error of <x>

# in this example
# isapprox(Δx, std(x)/sqrt(length(x))) == true

x_inv_mean, Δx_inv = jackknife(identity, 1 ./ x) # # jackknife estimates for mean and standard error of <1/x>

# Multiple time series
x = rand(100)
y = rand(100)

# The inputs of the function `g` must be provided as arguments in `jackknife`.
g(x, y, xy) = x * y / xy  # <x><y> / <xy>
g_mean, Δg = jackknife(g, x, y, x .* y)

ep = ErrorPropagator(N_args=1)
# Essentially a LogBinner that can hold multiple variables. Errors can be derived
# for functions which depend on these variables. The memory overhead of this
# type is O(N_args^2 log(N_samples)), making it much cheaper than jackknife for
# few variables

push!(ep, rand())
append!(ep, rand(99))

# Mean and error of the (first) input
xmean = mean(ep, 1)
Δx = std_error(ep, 1)

# To compute the mean and error of a function we need its gradient
f(x) = x.^2
dfdx(x) = 2x
y = mean(ep, f)[1]
Δy = std_error(ep, dfdx)[1]

# Error propagator with multiple variables:
ep = ErrorPropagator(N_args=3)

# Multiple time series
x = rand(100)
y = rand(100)
append!(ep, x, y, x.*y)

# means and standard error of inputs:
xs = means(ep)
Δxs = std_errors(ep)

# mean and error of a function dependant on x, y and xy
# Note that this function takes a vector input
g(v) = v[1] * v[2] / v[3]  # <x><y> / <xy>
dgdx(v) = [v[2]/v[3], v[1]/v[3], -v[1]*v[2]/v[3]^2]
g_mean = mean(ep, g)
Δg = std_error(ep, dgdx)

ts = rand(1000);
std_error(ts) # default is logarithmic binning
std_error(ts, method=:full)